Trauma: Fluid Resuscitation in Trauma Patients

Fluid resuscitation is a critical component in the management of hemorrhage and trauma.

This JEMS CEU course will discuss key components of fluid resuscitation, including the use of normal saline and crystalloids in trauma, prehospital hemorrhage resuscitation, fluid management in hemorrhagic shock, and the use of whole blood. This course will also examine the use of warm saline and rapid infusion techniques for prehospital blood transfusions. During this course, learners will evaluate the pros and cons of normal saline, heated saline, prehospital packed red blood cells (pRBC) with plasma, whole blood, and crystalloid infusion.

Three Reasons Not to Use Normal Saline or Crystalloids in Trauma

By: Andrew D. Fisher, MPAS, PA-C and Brandon M. Carius, MPAS, PA-C

A Review of Prehospital Hemorrhage Resuscitation

By: Angela Liszewski, DMSc, MPAS, PA-C

Prehospital Fluid Management in Hemorrhagic Shock

By: Hunter Pyle, BBA, Gilberto A. Salazar, MD, Reed Macy, BA, Raymond L. Fowler, MD, FACEP, FAEMS

Whole Blood in EMS May Save Lives

By: Andrew D. Fisher, MPAS, PA-C, Max Dodge, BS, NRP, EMT-P, Wren Nealy Jr., Eric A. Bank, LP, NRP, Dominic Thompson, EMT-P

Normal Saline: A Treatment Best Served Warm, Year-Round

By: Colin Bashline, BS, NRP

Rapid Infusion Techniques for Prehospital Whole Body Transfusions

By: Nicholas Studer, MD, NRP, David A. Miramontes, MD, C.J. Winckler, MD, LP, William Bullovk, EMT-P, Andrew Cap, MD

Airway: End-Tidal CO2 and Capnography

The importance of end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) and capnography cannot be overstated for prehospital providers.

This JEMS CEU course discusses the importance of EtCO2 and how to use PQRST method for interpretation using clinical applications and examples. You’ll also delve into using EtCO2 to identify states of shock and inform pain management care. This course will also discuss capnography in EMS, including interpreting waveforms and using interpretations to inform your treatment for intubated and non-intubated patients. Lastly, you’ll learn the pros and cons of using tools (such as colorimetric devices, capnometry, and capnography) to confirm proper airway placement and the risks for not using them.

How to Read and Interpret End-Tidal Capnography Waveforms

By: Rommie L. Duckworth, LP

No Longer a Single-Use Tool

By: Cory Hromatko, BS, NRP

Using EtCO2 to Make the Most of Your Pain Management Care

By: Thomas Krakeel, NRP, BS and Andrew Watson, NRP, BS

A Systematic Approach to Capnography Waveforms

By: Gina Farquharson, RRT-NPS, MBA, MS, CPPS and Gregory K. Spratt, BS, RRT, CPFT

Airway, Breathing or Consequences: Use Your Tools and Trust the Technology

By: John Pisowicz, RN, BSN, NRP, PI, Scott DeBoer, RN, MSN, CEN, CPEN, CCRN, CFRN, EMT-P, Michelle Webb, RN, MSN, CRNA, Michael Seaver, RN, BA, and Bob Page, MEd, NRP, CCP, NCEE

Airway, Breathing or Consequences: Medical-Legal Consequences of Airway Mismanagement

By: John Pisowicz, RN, BSN, NRP, PI, Scott DeBoer, RN, MSN, CEN, CPEN, CCRN, CFRN, EMT-P, Michelle Webb, RN, MSN, CRNA, Michael Seaver, RN, BA, and Bob Page, MEd, NRP, CCP, NCEE

Medical: Facial Weakness, Palsy, and Stroke

Facial weakness, palsy, and stroke are all serious medical conditions that can greatly affect an individual’s quality of life. The ability to communicate, eat, and perform everyday tasks can all be compromised when facial muscles are weakened or paralyzed. It is critical that providers are up to date with signs, symptoms, and additional considerations and risk factors for patients with these conditions.

This JEMS CEU course will examine how to differentiate between facial weakness caused by Bell’s Palsy vs. Acute Stroke, diseases that mimic stroke, as well as stroke evaluation and triage.

Differentiating Facial Weakness Caused by Bell’s Palsy vs. Acute Stroke

By: Michael T. Mullen, MD and Caitlin Loomis, MD

Identifying Diseases that Mimic Strokes

By: Richard A. Walker, MD, FACEP, FAAEM

Weakness Unchecked: A Case of Severe Muscle Weakness

By: Joshua Nackenson, MD, NRP and Jonathan Brewer, MD

Nashville EMS Crew Alertly Activates Stroke System

By: Jimmy Closser, BSN, RN, CEN, AEMT

EMS Industry Leader’s Story: Surviving Two Vertebral Artery Dissections

By: Anne Mullally

A Paradigm Shift in EMS Evaluation of Stroke

By: Coty Aiken, Lee Gillum, MPH, LP, EMS-CC, Jordan Anderson, Robert L. Dickson, Kevin Crocker, and Guy R. Gleisberg, MBA, BSEE, NREMT-B, EMS-I

Stroke Triage: EMS Needs a Diagnostic Tool That Goes Beyond a Simple History & Physical Exam

By: Mark E.A. Escott, MD, MPH, FACEP

Three Things All EMS Providers Can Do to Assist in the Timely and Accurate Administration of IV tPA in Cases of Acute Ischemic Stroke

By: Hunter R. Harbold LP, MPA, FP-C